Electric Bikes (E-Bikes) and Insurance
E-bikes have become an extremely popular way of getting around in our cities, and it is important to know where they fit into the scheme of regulations in Ontario.
Is it a bike?
If you are an e-bike owner or are thinking of purchasing one, it is important to know that it is not the quite the same as riding a bicycle. From provincial rules and regulations to insurance options, you will want to be aware and prepared before riding an e-bike on the road.
Unlike a bicycle, there are age restrictions to e-bikes. The rider must be at least 16 years old and must wear a helmet. Sidewalks, highways, and other places where bicycles are not permitted are also not permitted to e-bikes. However, many bike trails and bike lanes also ban e-bikes.
Is it a motorcycle or moped?
An e-bike is a power assisted bicycle. It typically has all the same features of a bicycle (pedals, handlebar, two to three wheels, braking system) except it includes an electric motor.
If the e-bike does not have pedals, it is considered to be a motor vehicle. This includes an e-bike which was sold with pedals but later had them removed. The definition is important, because a motorcycle or moped requires a licence, insurance, and registration to operate.
In Ontario, the legal requirements for an e-bike are that it must have:
a maximum assisted speed of 32 km/h.
a maximum weight of 120 kg (includes the weight of the bike and battery).
an electric motor not exceeding 500 watts.
the motor has not been modified to allow it to exceed a power output greater than 500 watts and an assisted speed greater than 32 km/h. It illegal to modify the electric motor of an e-bike.
a battery and electric motor securely fastened to the bicycle frame to prevent them from moving while the e-bike is operating.
all electrical terminals properly insulated.
a minimum wheel width of 35 mm and minimum diameter of 350 mm.
two independent braking systems that applies force to each wheel and can bring the e-bike, while being operated at a speed of 30 km/h, to a full stop within 9 metres, on a level asphalt surface, from the point at which the brakes were applied.
Insurance Coverage for E-Bikes
Although insurance for your e-bike is not mandatory, it is important to understand what options are available to you to help protect yourself and your investment.
Special E-Bike Insurance
If you do not have a home insurance policy, or do not have adequate coverage for the risks of owning and riding an e-bike, you should certainly consider a special insurance product designed with e-bike owners and riders in mind. There are special policies designed to cover you as an e-bike rider. These policies can address the lack of coverage or gaps in your coverage regarding liability, injuries, and theft.
Liability
If you have a home insurance policy and you are involved in an accident with your e-bike, you may have liability coverage via your home insurance policy for physical damages.
Injury
If injuries were caused from an accident with a pedestrian or cyclist, your home insurance liability coverage should come into play. If injuries were caused from an accident with a motor vehicle, accident benefits coverage from your car insurance policy, or the policy of the car in the accident, may apply. Whether your home or car insurance policy coverage comes into play will depend on the type of accident and who is considered at fault or responsible.
Theft
In the event your e-bike is stolen, you should contact your local police (not the emergency line) and file a missing bike report. Whether you have additional coverage for your e-bike or a standard home insurance policy that includes coverage for your e-bike, you should contact your insurer to notify them of your stolen ride.
Conclusion
E-bikes are a fun, efficient, and environmentally friendly way to get around. If you choose an e-bike, be aware of the regulations affecting them. Also, consider your risks and your insurance coverage, and consult with a professional to find the best options for you. Happy riding!
